International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

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Status of Herbicide Resistance in Poland - Kazimierz Adamczewski : February, 2015

In Poland area of weeds resistance to herbicides annually increases.   Resistance of some weed species become economic problem, a specially in winter wheat and winter triticale, and in some case also in winter rape seed.   In winter wheat are big problem with Apera spica-venti resistant biotypes, mainly to sulfonylurea herbicides (ALS) like chlorsulfuron, mezosulfuron, iodosulfuron, sulfosulfuron, pyroxulam, propoxycarbazone.  By my estimation  in Poland we have about 300-400 thousand ha of winter wheat where farmer got big problem to control Apera spica-venti (from total infestation area 1,5-2,5 Mha). The resistant biotypes occurred in all the country but in some region it is serious problem to control this weed. And also resistant of A. spica-venti species to ACCase inhibitors are growing mainly to fenoxaprop and pinoxaden. But now this is not big problem.   Alopecurus myosuroides and Avena fatua are two grass species in which resistance become also problem.   Wild oat biotypes  resistant is estimated occurrence of surface from 2 to 3 thousand ha (form total infested area 300-400 thousand ha).   The resistant of Black grass is present on the surface of about 3-4 thousand ha, from total infestation area abut 250-300 thousand ha. In same region farmers got serious problem with control Black grass, specially were thy used winter wheat and winter rape seed rotation.   Avena fatua and Alopecurus myosuroides biotypes are resistant to ALS and ACCase inhibitors, but from country side we got to hear that resistance to another mode of action of herbicide occurred, but it need to be check.   Also resistance in broadleaves species are growing. For example  cornflower resistant biotypes to sulfonylourea herbicides (tribenuron methyl) are occurred in winter cereals on abut one thousand ha. But resistant biotypes of Papaver rhoeas and Marricria maritina ssp. Inodora to tribenuron-methyl in  winter what, and also Chenopodium alba and Amaranthus retroflexus resistant to metamitron appear in sugar  beet but currently it in not big problem yet.

Herbicide Resistant Weeds in Poland
Herbicide Resistant Weeds in Poland
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Herbicide Resistant Weeds in Poland
#SpeciesCommon NameFirst YearSite of Action
1 Conyza canadensisHorseweedPoland 198333 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
168
2 Capsella bursa-pastorisShepherd's-pursePoland 198433 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
166
3 Chenopodium albumCommon LambsquartersPoland 199133 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
163
4 Amaranthus retroflexusRedroot PigweedPoland 199133 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
164
5 Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galliBarnyardgrassPoland 199533 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
374
6 Epilobium ciliatumFringed WillowherbPoland 199533 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
375
7 Solanum nigrumBlack NightshadePoland 199533 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
376
8 Digitaria sanguinalisLarge CrabgrassPoland 199533 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
377
9 Conyza canadensisHorseweedPoland 200033 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5081
10 Apera spica-ventiSilky WindgrassPoland 200533 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5395
11 Apera spica-ventiSilky WindgrassPoland 201033 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
5619
12 Alopecurus myosuroidesBlackgrassPoland 201033 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5620
13 Centaurea cyanusCornflowerPoland 201033 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
5621
14 Conyza canadensisHorseweedPoland 201033 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase (G/9)
5622
15 Apera spica-ventiSilky WindgrassPoland 201133 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
6758
16 Alopecurus myosuroidesBlackgrassPoland 201133 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
6760
17 Avena fatuaWild OatPoland 201133 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
6761
18 Avena fatuaWild OatPoland 201133 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
6762
19 Avena fatuaWild OatPoland 201133 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
6763
20 Apera spica-ventiSilky WindgrassPoland 201233 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (C1 C2/5)
6759
21 Centaurea cyanusCornflowerPoland 201233 Auxin Mimics (O/4)
6764
22 Alopecurus myosuroidesBlackgrassPoland 201233 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
10969
23 Tripleurospermum perforatum (=T. inodorum)Scentless ChamomilePoland 201433 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
10971
24 Papaver rhoeasCorn PoppyPoland 201433 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
10983
25 Matricaria recutita (= M. chamomilla)Wild ChamomilePoland 201433 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
10984
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