INTERNATIONAL HERBICIDE-RESISTANT WEED DATABASE

HRAC GROUP 1 (LEGACY A) RESISTANT LARGE CRABGRASS
(Digitaria sanguinalis)


Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)

Canada, Ontario
INTRODUCTION LARGE CRABGRASS
Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In Ontario this weed first evolved resistance to Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides in 2011 and infests Carrots, and Onions.   Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to clethodim, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fluazifop-butyl, quizalofop-ethyl, and sethoxydim and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Apr 27, 2017 )

Common NameLarge Crabgrass
SpeciesDigitaria sanguinalis
GroupInhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Herbicidesclethodim, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fluazifop-butyl, quizalofop-ethyl, and sethoxydim
LocationCanada, Ontario
Year2011
Situation(s)Carrots, and Onions
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Martin Laforest, Robert Nurse, Kristen Obeid, Eric Page, Marie-Josée Simard, Brahim Soufiane, and Francois Tardif 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

GENERAL

Kristen Obeid

The first large crabgrass population with resistance to ACCase herbicides was found in 2011 in Onions, however a population found in carrots was found in 2015 and information about resistance can be found in this poster.

Laforest, M.* , Soufiane, B.*, Page, E.R.§, Simard, M.-J.*, Obeid, K. ¤ & Nurse, R.E.§
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase overexpression in herbicide resistant crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis)
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada: *430 Gouin blvd, St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Ca; §2585 County Road 20, Harrow, ON, Ca; ¤OMAFRA, Harrow, ON, Ca

 

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Large Crabgrass biotype with this Large Crabgrass biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 1 resistant Large Crabgrass have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 1 (Legacy A) resistant Large Crabgrass from Ontario please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

MARTIN LAFOREST
Research Scientist
Agriculture and Agri-food Canada
430 boul. Gouin
St-Jean-sur-Richelieju, J3B 3E6, Quebec
Canada
Email Martin Laforest
ROBERT NURSE
Research Scientist
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Science and Technology
2585 County Rd 20
Harrow, N0R 1G0, Ontario
Canada
Email Robert Nurse
KRISTEN OBEID
Weed Management Program Lead - Horticulture
Ontario Ministry Of Agriculture Food & Rural Affairs
Science and Technology
RR #2, 2585 County Rd. 20
Harrow, N0R 1G0, Ontario
Canada
Email Kristen Obeid
Web   : Web Site Link
ERIC PAGE
Research Scientist
Agriculture adn Agri-Food Canada
Science and Technology
2585 County Rd. 20
Harrow, N0R1G0, Ontario
Canada
Email Eric Page
Web   : Web Site Link
MARIE-JOSÉE SIMARD
Weed scientist
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu research centre
430 Gouin
Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, J3B 3E6, Quebec
Canada
Email Marie-Josée Simard
Web   : Web Site Link
BRAHIM SOUFIANE
Research Assistant
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Research Centre
430, Gouin Blvd
Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, J3B 3E6, Quebec
Canada
Email Brahim Soufiane
Web   : Web Site Link
FRANCOIS TARDIF
Associate Professor
University Of Guelph
Department Of Plant Agriculture
2055 Radatz Ave
Guelph, N1G 2W1, Ontario
Canada
Email Francois Tardif
Web   : Web Site Link

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Ontario have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Martin Laforest, Robert Nurse, Kristen Obeid, Eric Page, Marie-Josée Simard, Brahim Soufiane, and Francois Tardif for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Large Crabgrass Globally
(Digitaria sanguinalis)
Herbicide Resistant Large Crabgrass Globally
(Digitaria sanguinalis)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Large Crabgrass Globally
(Digitaria sanguinalis)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 ArgentinaArgentina 2019 Soybean glyphosate 48 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass23239
2 Australia (South Australia) AustraliaSouth Australia1993 Onions, and Vegetables fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, and imazethapyr 1 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass16
3 Canada (Ontario) CanadaOntario2011 Carrots, and Onions clethodim, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fluazifop-butyl, quizalofop-ethyl, and sethoxydim 7 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass5678
4 ChinaChina 2010 Corn (maize) nicosulfuron 9 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass5656
5 ChinaChina 2011 Cotton quizalofop-ethyl 9 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass5672
6 Czech RepublicCzech Republic 2005 Railways atrazine 12 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass5263
7 FranceFrance 1983 Corn (maize) atrazine 17 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass461
8 FranceFrance 2005 Carrots cycloxydim, fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, and quizalofop-ethyl 17 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass6748
9 FranceFrance 2015 Corn (maize) foramsulfuron, and nicosulfuron 17 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass11010
10 ItalyItaly 2006 Soybean cycloxydim, and fluazifop-butyl 24 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass5355
11 New ZealandNew Zealand 2022 Corn (maize) nicosulfuron 30 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass25262
12 PolandPoland 1995 Orchards atrazine 33 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass377
13 SwitzerlandSwitzerland 2021 Corn (maize) nicosulfuron 41 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass27290
14 United States (Wisconsin) United StatesWisconsin1992 Carrots, and Onions fluazifop-butyl, and sethoxydim 45 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass417
15 United States (Georgia) United StatesGeorgia2008 Turf sethoxydim 45 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass7787
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