INTERNATIONAL HERBICIDE-RESISTANT WEED DATABASE

HRAC GROUP 1 (LEGACY A) RESISTANT PERENNIAL RYEGRASS
(Lolium perenne)


Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)

Chile, Temuco
INTRODUCTION PERENNIAL RYEGRASS
Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In Chile this weed first evolved resistance to Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides in 2001 and infests Cereals.   Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to clodinafop-propargyl, and diclofop-methyl and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Oct 21, 2009 )

Common NamePerennial Ryegrass
SpeciesLolium perenne
GroupInhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Herbicidesclodinafop-propargyl, and diclofop-methyl
LocationChile, Temuco
Year2001
Situation(s)Cereals
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Hugo Cruz-Hipólito, Rafael De Prado, Nelson Espinoza, and Paola Michitte 
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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Field, and Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Perennial Ryegrass biotype with this Perennial Ryegrass biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 1 resistant Perennial Ryegrass have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 1 (Legacy A) resistant Perennial Ryegrass from Chile please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

HUGO CRUZ-HIPÓLITO
Research Asociate
Universidad De Córdoba
Química Agrícola Y Edafología
Campus Universitario De Rabanales Edif. C-3 3ª Planta
Córdoba, 14002
Spain
Email Hugo Cruz-Hipólito
RAFAEL DE PRADO
Research Asociate
Universidad De Cordoba
Qvimica Agricola Y Edafologa
E T S Ingenieros Agronomos
PO Box 119
Cordoba, E-14080, Andalusia
Spain
Email Rafael De Prado
NELSON ESPINOZA
Investigador Malherbología
Inia-Carillanca
Producción Vegetal
USDA-ARS, 302 Natural Resources Bldg
Cropping Systems& Water Quality
Temuco, E-14080, Andalusia
Chile
Email Nelson Espinoza
Web   : Web Site Link
PAOLA MICHITTE
Research Associate
Universidad De Córdoba
Química Agrícola Y Edafología
Edif. C-3 Marie Curie 3ª Planta. Campus Universitario De Rabanales
Córdoba, 14071, Andalusia
Spain
Email Paola Michitte
Web   : Web Site Link

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Chile have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Hugo Cruz-Hipólito, Rafael De Prado, Nelson Espinoza, and Paola Michitte for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Perennial Ryegrass Globally
(Lolium perenne)
Herbicide Resistant Perennial Ryegrass Globally
(Lolium perenne)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Perennial Ryegrass Globally
(Lolium perenne)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 ArgentinaArgentina 2008 Soybean, Spring Barley, and Wheat glyphosate 48 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
111Lolium perennePerennial Ryegrass5487
2 ChileChile 2001 Cereals clodinafop-propargyl, and diclofop-methyl 8 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
111Lolium perennePerennial Ryegrass5397
3 DenmarkDenmark 2016 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, and iodosulfuron-methyl-Na 13 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
111Lolium perennePerennial Ryegrass15077
4 GermanyGermany 2008 Wheat iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, pinoxaden, and pyroxsulam 18 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
111Lolium perennePerennial Ryegrass5385
5 New ZealandNew Zealand 2012 Grapes glyphosate 30 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
111Lolium perennePerennial Ryegrass6750
6 New ZealandNew Zealand 2014 Wheat chlorsulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, pyroxsulam, thifensulfuron-methyl, and tribenuron-methyl 30 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
111Lolium perennePerennial Ryegrass18201
7 New ZealandNew Zealand 2015 Grapes amitrole, glufosinate-ammonium, and glyphosate 30 Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Lycopene Cyclase ( HRAC Group 34 (Legacy F3)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
Inhibition of Glutamine Synthetase ( HRAC Group 10 (Legacy H)
111Lolium perennePerennial Ryegrass14055
8 PortugalPortugal 2013 Grapes glyphosate 34 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
111Lolium perennePerennial Ryegrass7825
9 United States (California) United StatesCalifornia1989 Railways, and Roadsides sulfometuron-methyl 45 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
111Lolium perennePerennial Ryegrass396
10 United States (Texas) United StatesTexas1989 Roadsides sulfometuron-methyl 45 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
111Lolium perennePerennial Ryegrass397
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