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SILKY WINDGRASS
(
Apera spica-venti
)
with
GROUP B/2 resistance: (ALS INHIBITORS)
Inhibition of acetolactate synthase ALS (acetohydroxyacid synthase AHAS)
MUTATION: ALANINE 122 to VALINE
Silky Windgrass
(
Apera spica-venti
) is a monocot plant in the poaceae family. A single amino acid substitution from Alanine 122 to Valine has led to resistance to ALS inhibitors as indicated in the table below.
Silky Windgrass
Chemical Family
Example Herbicide
Resistance Level
Imidazolinones
Imazethapyr
Not Determined
Pyrimidinylthiobenzoates
Bispyribac-Na
Not Determined
Sulfonylureas
Chlorsulfuron
Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolopyrimidines
Chloransulam-methyl
Not Determined
Sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone
Flucarbazone-Na
Susceptible
NOTE
It is not clear whether this mutation is solely responsible for resistance.
REFERENCES
Krysiak, M. ; Gawron´ski, S. W. ; Adamczewski, K. ; Kierzek, R.
.
2011
.
ALS
gene mutations in
Apera spica-venti
confer broad-range resistance to herbicides
.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
51
:
261 - 267
.
Several biotypes of wind bentgrass in Poland have been identified as being resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. We screened these weeds with chlorsulfuron and performed a whole-plant bioassay with a range of doses based on these four herbicides: chlorsulfuron, sulfosulfuron, propoxycarbazone-sodium and mesosulfuron-methyl+iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium mixture. Ten biotypes, diverse in their levels of resistance, were submitted for molecular tests. PCR amplification and sequencing of
als
domains demonstrated numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms. Nine biotypes showed non-synonymous substitutions in codon Pro
197
, changing it to Ser or Thr. Mutation in Pro
197
conferred a high level of resistance to the tested herbicides. Analysis of four biotypes also revealed a substitution in the Ala
122
codon, changing it to Val. In one biotype this substitution was not accompanied by Pro
197
mutation and this biotype was resistant to chlorsulfuron and mesosulfuron+iodosulfuron, but not to sulfosulfuron or propoxycarbazone-sodium. Correspondence between mutations and levels of resistan ce to ALS inhibitors may support management of resistant weeds with the existing palette of herbicides.
.
This case was entered by Patrick Tranel Email:
tranel@illinois.edu
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PERMISSION MUST BE OBTAINED FIRST if you intend to base a significant portion of a scientific paper on data derived from this site. Citation:
Heap, I. The International Herbicide-Resistant Weed Database. Online.
Friday, January 22, 2021
. Available
www.weedscience.org
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