INTERNATIONAL HERBICIDE-RESISTANT WEED DATABASE

INTRODUCTION		HARE'S FOOT PLANTAIN
Hare's Foot Plantain (Plantago lagopus) is a dicot weed in the Plantaginaceae family. In Israel this weed first evolved resistance to Group C1/5 herbicides in 1992 and infests Orchards, and Roadsides. Group C1/5 herbicides are known as Photosystem II inhibitors (Inhibition of photosynthesis at photosystem II). Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to atrazine, and simazine and they may be cross-resistant to other Group C1/5 herbicides. The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

QUIK STATS (last updated Sep 15, 2000 )
Common Name	Hare's Foot Plantain
Species	Plantago lagopus
Group	Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5)
Herbicides	atrazine, and simazine
Location	Israel
Year	1992
Situation(s)	Orchards, and Roadsides
Contributors - (Alphabetically)	Baruch Rubin
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

AREAS FOUND

Baruch Rubin

All over country.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Field, Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Hare's Foot Plantain biotype with this Hare's Foot Plantain biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.

Genetics

Genetic studies on Group C1/5 resistant Hare's Foot Plantain have not been reported to the site. There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature

Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database. If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.

Relative Fitness

Triazine resistant weeds often exhibit a lower relative fitness when compared to susceptible biotypes. The most common mutation conferring triazine resistance (Ser 264 to Gly mutation of the psbA gene) also causes a reduction in CO₂ fixation, quantum yield, and seed and biomass production. There is no record in this database referring specifically to fitness studies on Group C1/5 resistant Hare's Foot Plantain from Israel.

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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

BARUCH RUBIN

Professor Hebrew University Of Jerusalem Inst. Plant Sci. & Genetics In Agriculture Faculty Of Agric. Food & Environm. Rehovot, 76100, Israel Israel Email Baruch Rubin

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Israel have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Baruch Rubin for providing detailed information.

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Herbicide Resistant Hare's Foot Plantain Globally
(Plantago lagopus)

Country

FirstYear

Situation

Active Ingredients

Site of Action

Israel

1992

Orchards, and Roadsides

atrazine, and simazine

Photosystem II inhibitors (C1/5)

Literature about Similar Cases

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Lior, E. ; Sibony, M. ; Kigel, J. ; Rubin, B.. 2000. Polymorphism in the resistance of Plantago lagopus to herbicides. Weed Research (Oxford) 40 : 457 - 466.

Seeds from populations of Plantago lagopus were collected from six sites in Israel with different histories of previous herbicide use. Tlamim (T) and Bilu (B) had been treated previously with simazine and bromacil; Naan (N) with sulfometuron and diuron; Dvir (D) with diuron; and Givat Brenner (G) and Rehovot (F) were populations collected in non-cultivated fields that had no history of previous herbicide use. Based on whole-plant response to post-emergence herbicide sprays, isolated chloroplasts and fluorescence studies with excised leaves, it was evident that the T and B populations were triazine-resistant. The D population was the most resistant to diuron, G was the most sensitive, whereas B and N populations were intermediate. The N population was the only one that exhibited resistance to ALS inhibitors both at the whole plant and enzyme level. These data demonstrate the polymorphic nature of P. lagopus showing that resistance to different herbicides has evolved according to the selection pressure imposed by repeated herbicide applications..

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Heap, I. The International Herbicide-Resistant Weed Database. Online. Monday, August 10, 2020 . Available www.weedscience.org Copyright © 1993- 2020 WeedScience.org All rights reserved. Fair use of this material is encouraged. Proper citation is requested.