International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
select
Weeds Resistant to Auxin Mimics (O/4)
by species and country
Weeds Resistant to Auxin Mimics (O/4)
by species and country
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Weeds Resistant to Auxin Mimics (O/4)
by species and country
#SpeciesCountryFirst Year
1 Amaranthus hybridus (syn: quitensis)
Smooth Pigweed
2016 - Argentina *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2016 - Argentina
201612Amaranthus hybridus (syn: quitensis)Smooth PigweedO244Auxin Mimics
2 Amaranthus palmeri
Palmer Amaranth
2015 - United States (Kansas) *Multiple - 5 SOA's
2018 - United States (Kansas)
2020 - United States (Tennessee) *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2021 - United States (Kansas) *Multiple - 6 SOA's
201514Amaranthus palmeriPalmer AmaranthO244Auxin Mimics
3 Amaranthus powellii
Powell Amaranth
2019 - Canada (Ontario) *Multiple - 2 SOA's
201915Amaranthus powelliiPowell AmaranthO244Auxin Mimics
4 Amaranthus tuberculatus (=A. rudis)
Tall Waterhemp
2009 - United States (Nebraska) *Multiple - 3 SOA's
2016 - United States (Illinois) *Multiple - 5 SOA's
2021 - United States (Iowa)
2009219Amaranthus tuberculatus (=A. rudis)Tall WaterhempO244Auxin Mimics
5 Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Common Ragweed
2022 - United States (Michigan)
202218Ambrosia artemisiifoliaCommon RagweedO244Auxin Mimics
6 Arctotheca calendula
Capeweed
2015 - Australia (South Australia)
201521Arctotheca calendulaCapeweedO244Auxin Mimics
7 Brassica rapa (=B. campestris)
Birdsrape Mustard
2015 - Argentina
201536Brassica rapa (=B. campestris)Birdsrape MustardO244Auxin Mimics
8 Carduus acanthoides
Plumeless Thistle
2019 - Argentina *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2019348Carduus acanthoidesPlumeless ThistleO244Auxin Mimics
9 Carduus nutans
Musk Thistle
1981 - New Zealand
198142Carduus nutansMusk ThistleO244Auxin Mimics
10 Carduus pycnocephalus
Italian Thistle
1997 - New Zealand
199743Carduus pycnocephalusItalian ThistleO244Auxin Mimics
11 Centaurea cyanus
Cornflower
2012 - Poland
2012277Centaurea cyanusCornflowerO244Auxin Mimics
12 Centaurea solstitialis
Yellow Starthistle
1988 - United States (Washington)
198844Centaurea solstitialisYellow StarthistleO244Auxin Mimics
13 Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos
Spotted knapweed
2013 - Canada (British Columbia)
2013334Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthosSpotted knapweedO244Auxin Mimics
14 Chenopodium album
Common Lambsquarters
2005 - New Zealand
200547Chenopodium albumCommon LambsquartersO244Auxin Mimics
15 Cirsium arvense
Canada thistle
1979 - Sweden
1985 - Hungary
197955Cirsium arvenseCanada thistleO244Auxin Mimics
16 Commelina diffusa
Spreading Dayflower
1957 - United States (Hawaii)
195756Commelina diffusaSpreading DayflowerO244Auxin Mimics
17 Conyza sumatrensis
Sumatran Fleabane
2017 - Brazil *Multiple - 5 SOA's
201765Conyza sumatrensisSumatran FleabaneO244Auxin Mimics
18 Daucus carota
Wild Carrot
1957 - Canada (Ontario)
1993 - United States (Michigan)
1994 - United States (Ohio)
195776Daucus carotaWild CarrotO244Auxin Mimics
19 Descurainia sophia
Flixweed
2011 - China
2011237Descurainia sophiaFlixweedO244Auxin Mimics
20 Digitaria ischaemum
Smooth Crabgrass
2002 - United States (California)
2002177Digitaria ischaemumSmooth CrabgrassO244Auxin Mimics
21 Echinochloa colona
Junglerice
2000 - Colombia
200078Echinochloa colonaJunglericeO244Auxin Mimics
22 Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli
Barnyardgrass
1998 - United States (Louisiana)
1999 - Brazil
1999 - United States (Arkansas) *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2000 - China
2009 - Brazil *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2013 - Uruguay
2018 - Brazil *Multiple - 3 SOA's
199879Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galliBarnyardgrassO244Auxin Mimics
23 Echinochloa crus-galli var. zelayensis
Gulf Cockspur Grass
2013 - China
2013305Echinochloa crus-galli var. zelayensisGulf Cockspur GrassO244Auxin Mimics
24 Echinochloa crus-pavonis
Gulf Cockspur
1999 - Brazil
1999193Echinochloa crus-pavonisGulf CockspurO244Auxin Mimics
25 Fimbristylis miliacea
Globe Fringerush
1989 - Malaysia
198990Fimbristylis miliaceaGlobe FringerushO244Auxin Mimics
26 Galeopsis tetrahit
Common Hempnettle
1998 - Canada (Alberta)
199891Galeopsis tetrahitCommon HempnettleO244Auxin Mimics
27 Galium aparine
Catchweed Bedstraw
2014 - China
2016 - Iran
2017 - Iran *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2014272Galium aparineCatchweed BedstrawO244Auxin Mimics
28 Galium spurium
False Cleavers
1996 - Canada (Alberta) *Multiple - 2 SOA's
199693Galium spuriumFalse CleaversO244Auxin Mimics
29 Hirschfeldia incana
Shortpod Mustard
2016 - Argentina *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2016328Hirschfeldia incanaShortpod MustardO244Auxin Mimics
30 Kochia scoparia
Kochia
1994 - United States (Montana)
1995 - United States (North Dakota)
1997 - United States (Idaho)
1999 - United States (Colorado)
2009 - United States (Nebraska)
2013 - United States (Kansas) *Multiple - 4 SOA's
2013 - United States (Kansas) *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2015 - Canada (Saskatchewan) *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2017 - Canada (Alberta) *Multiple - 3 SOA's
1994101Kochia scopariaKochiaO244Auxin Mimics
31 Lactuca serriola
Prickly Lettuce
2007 - United States (Washington)
2007102Lactuca serriolaPrickly LettuceO244Auxin Mimics
32 Limnocharis flava
Sawah Flowering Rush
1995 - Indonesia
1998 - Malaysia *Multiple - 2 SOA's
1995104Limnocharis flavaSawah Flowering RushO244Auxin Mimics
33 Limnophila erecta
Marshweed
2002 - Malaysia *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2002226Limnophila erectaMarshweedO244Auxin Mimics
34 Papaver rhoeas
Corn Poppy
1993 - Spain *Multiple - 2 SOA's
1998 - Italy *Multiple - 2 SOA's
1998 - Italy
2002 - Greece *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2015 - France
2016 - France *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2018 - Portugal *Multiple - 2 SOA's
1993123Papaver rhoeasCorn PoppyO244Auxin Mimics
35 Plantago lanceolata
Buckhorn Plantain
2016 - United States (Indiana)
2016220Plantago lanceolataBuckhorn PlantainO244Auxin Mimics
36 Ranunculus acris
Tall Buttercup
1988 - New Zealand
2010 - New Zealand *Multiple - 2 SOA's
1988140Ranunculus acrisTall ButtercupO244Auxin Mimics
37 Raphanus raphanistrum
Wild Radish
1999 - Australia (Western Australia)
2006 - Australia (South Australia) *Multiple - 3 SOA's
2009 - Australia (Victoria) *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2010 - Australia (Western Australia) *Multiple - 4 SOA's
2011 - Australia (Victoria)
2013 - Australia (New South Wales )
2015 - Australia (Western Australia) *Multiple - 5 SOA's
2020 - Australia (Western Australia) *Multiple - 3 SOA's
1999141Raphanus raphanistrumWild RadishO244Auxin Mimics
38 Sagittaria montevidensis
California Arrowhead
2023 - Brazil
2023146Sagittaria montevidensisCalifornia ArrowheadO244Auxin Mimics
39 Sinapis arvensis
Wild Mustard
1990 - Canada (Manitoba)
2008 - Turkey *Multiple - 2 SOA's
1990158Sinapis arvensisWild MustardO244Auxin Mimics
40 Sisymbrium orientale
Oriental Mustard
2005 - Australia (South Australia) *Multiple - 2 SOA's
2005159Sisymbrium orientaleOriental MustardO244Auxin Mimics
41 Soliva sessilis
Lawn Burweed
1999 - New Zealand
1999199Soliva sessilisLawn BurweedO244Auxin Mimics
42 Sonchus oleraceus
Annual Sowthistle
2015 - Australia (South Australia)
2015 - Australia (Victoria)
2015164Sonchus oleraceusAnnual SowthistleO244Auxin Mimics
43 Sphenoclea zeylanica
Gooseweed
1983 - Philippines
1995 - Malaysia
2000 - Thailand
1983167Sphenoclea zeylanicaGooseweedO244Auxin Mimics
44 Stellaria media
Common Chickweed
1985 - United Kingdom
2010 - China
1985168Stellaria mediaCommon ChickweedO244Auxin Mimics
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