INTERNATIONAL HERBICIDE-RESISTANT WEED DATABASE

HRAC GROUP 22 (LEGACY D) RESISTANT HARE BARLEY
(Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum)


PS I Electron Diversion HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)

Australia, Victoria
INTRODUCTION HARE BARLEY
Hare Barley (Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In Victoria this weed first evolved resistance to Group 22 (Legacy D) herbicides in 1988 and infests Alfalfa.   Group 22 (Legacy D) herbicides are known as PS I Electron Diversion (PSI Electron Diversion ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to diquat, and paraquat and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 22 (Legacy D) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Aug 12, 2001 )

Common NameHare Barley
SpeciesHordeum murinum ssp. leporinum
GroupPS I Electron Diversion HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)
Herbicidesdiquat, and paraquat
LocationAustralia, Victoria
Year1988
Situation(s)Alfalfa
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Christopher Preston 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

AREAS FOUND

Christopher Preston
Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia

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GENERAL

Christopher Preston
Also resistant to diquat.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Field, and Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Hare Barley biotype with this Hare Barley biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 22 resistant Hare Barley indicate that the inheritance is determined by a one gene, semi dominant trait.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

Studies on the mechanism of resistance of Group 22 (Legacy D) resistant Hare Barley from Victoria indicate that resistance is due to sequestration.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the mechanism of resistance in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 22 (Legacy D) resistant Hare Barley from Victoria please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

CHRISTOPHER PRESTON
University Of Adelaide - Waite Campus
Crc For Australian Weed Management And School Of Agriculture
Box 2146
Adelaide, 5064, South Australia
Australia
Email Christopher Preston

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Victoria have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Christopher Preston for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Hare Barley Globally
(Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum)
Herbicide Resistant Hare Barley Globally
(Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Hare Barley Globally
(Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 Australia (Victoria) AustraliaVictoria1988 Alfalfa diquat, and paraquat 1 PS I Electron Diversion ( HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)
98Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinumHare Barley18
2 Australia (South Australia) AustraliaSouth Australia1996 Canola, Pastures, and Winter pulses fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, and quizalofop-ethyl 1 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
98Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinumHare Barley1143
3 Australia (New South Wales ) AustraliaNew South Wales 2001 Canola clethodim, and haloxyfop-methyl 1 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
98Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinumHare Barley5098
4 Australia (South Australia) AustraliaSouth Australia2001 Alfalfa paraquat 1 PS I Electron Diversion ( HRAC Group 22 (Legacy D)
98Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinumHare Barley5203
5 SpainSpain 2018 Olive, and Orchards glyphosate 38 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
98Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinumHare Barley18192
Literature about Similar Cases

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