INTERNATIONAL HERBICIDE-RESISTANT WEED DATABASE

HRAC GROUP 2 (LEGACY B) RESISTANT FALSE CLEAVERS
(Galium spurium)


Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)

Austria, Wulzeshofen
INTRODUCTION FALSE CLEAVERS
False Cleavers (Galium spurium) is a dicot weed in the Rubiaceae family.  In Austria this weed first evolved resistance to Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides in 2024 and infests Sugar beets.   Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to foramsulfuron, and thiencarbazone-methyl and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Oct 09, 2024 )

Common NameFalse Cleavers
SpeciesGalium spurium
GroupInhibition of Acetolactate Synthase HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
Herbicidesforamsulfuron, and thiencarbazone-methyl
LocationAustria, Wulzeshofen
Year2024
Situation(s)Sugar beets
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Dagmar Rissel, and Lena Ulber 
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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible False Cleavers biotype with this False Cleavers biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 2 resistant False Cleavers indicate that the inheritance is determined by a one gene trait.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

Studies on the mechanism of resistance of Group 2 (Legacy B) resistant False Cleavers from Austria indicate that resistance is due to an altered target site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the mechanism of resistance in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 2 (Legacy B) resistant False Cleavers from Austria please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

DAGMAR RISSEL
Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants
Institute for Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland
Messeweg 11-12
Braunschweig, 38104, Brunswick
Germany
Email Dagmar Rissel
LENA ULBER
Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants
Institute for Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland
Messeweg 11-12
Braunschweig, 38104, Brunswick
Germany
Email Lena Ulber

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Austria have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Dagmar Rissel, and Lena Ulber for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant False Cleavers Globally
(Galium spurium)
Herbicide Resistant False Cleavers Globally
(Galium spurium)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant False Cleavers Globally
(Galium spurium)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 AustriaAustria 2024 Sugar beets foramsulfuron, and thiencarbazone-methyl 2 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
93Galium spuriumFalse Cleavers29264
2 Canada (Alberta) CanadaAlberta1996 Canola, Cereals, and Wheat imazethapyr, metsulfuron-methyl, quinclorac, sulfometuron-methyl, thifensulfuron-methyl, triasulfuron, and tribenuron-methyl 7 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
Auxin Mimics ( HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O)
93Galium spuriumFalse Cleavers508
3 Canada (Saskatchewan) CanadaSaskatchewan2006 Spring Barley, and Wheat thifensulfuron-methyl, and tribenuron-methyl 7 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
93Galium spuriumFalse Cleavers5321
4 Canada (Manitoba) CanadaManitoba2008 Canola thifensulfuron-methyl, and tribenuron-methyl 7 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
93Galium spuriumFalse Cleavers5629
5 GreeceGreece 2022 Wheat bensulfuron-methyl, florasulam, metsulfuron-methyl, and pyroxsulam 19 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
93Galium spuriumFalse Cleavers27278
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PERMISSION MUST BE OBTAINED FIRST if you intend to base a significant portion of a scientific paper on data derived from this site. Citation:
Heap, I.  The International Herbicide-Resistant Weed Database.  Online.  Tuesday, November 5, 2024 .  Available  www.weedscience.org Copyright © 1993- 2024 WeedScience.org All rights reserved. Fair use of this material is encouraged. Proper citation is requested.