International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

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HRAC GROUP 5 (LEGACY C1 C2) RESISTANT JUNGLERICE
(Echinochloa colona)


PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)

Venezuela
INTRODUCTION JUNGLERICE
Junglerice (Echinochloa colona) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In Venezuela this weed first evolved resistance to Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides in 2000 and infests Rice.   Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides are known as PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (Inhbition of Photosynthesis at PSll - Serine 264 Binders ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to propanil and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Jun 30, 2011 )

Common NameJunglerice
SpeciesEchinochloa colona
GroupPSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
Herbicidespropanil
LocationVenezuela
Year2000
Situation(s)Rice
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Bernal Valverde 
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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Junglerice biotype with this Junglerice biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 5 resistant Junglerice have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) resistant Junglerice from Venezuela please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

BERNAL VALVERDE
Honorary Associate Professor
The University of Copenhagen
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences
Hojebakkegaard Allé 13
Taastrup, DK-2630, Hovedstaden
Denmark
Email Bernal Valverde

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Venezuela have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Bernal Valverde for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Junglerice Globally
(Echinochloa colona)
Herbicide Resistant Junglerice Globally
(Echinochloa colona)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Junglerice Globally
(Echinochloa colona)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 ArgentinaArgentina 2009 Corn (maize), and Soybean glyphosate 48 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5544
2 Australia (New South Wales ) AustraliaNew South Wales 2004 Sorghum atrazine 1 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5336
3 Australia (New South Wales ) AustraliaNew South Wales 2007 Fallow glyphosate 1 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5297
4 Australia (Queensland) AustraliaQueensland2009 Fallow glyphosate 1 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5514
5 Australia (Western Australia) AustraliaWestern Australia2010 Cotton, Rice, and Watermelon glyphosate 1 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5581
6 BoliviaBolivia 2006 Rice, and Soybean cyhalofop-butyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fluazifop-butyl, and haloxyfop-methyl 4 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5413
7 BoliviaBolivia 2006 Rice bispyribac-sodium 4 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5414
8 ColombiaColombia 1988 Rice propanil 10 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice71
9 ColombiaColombia 2000 Rice quinclorac 10 Auxin Mimics ( HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5141
10 ColombiaColombia 2016 Rice bispyribac-sodium, cyhalofop-butyl, and quinclorac (MOA in monocots) 10 Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
Inhibition of Cellulose Synthesis ( HRAC Group 29 (Legacy L)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice18163
11 Costa RicaCosta Rica 1987 Rice propanil 11 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice72
12 Costa RicaCosta Rica 1994 Rice fenoxaprop-ethyl 11 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice75
13 Costa RicaCosta Rica 1998 Rice azimsulfuron, fenoxaprop-ethyl, and propanil 11 Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5147
14 Costa RicaCosta Rica 2013 Rice bispyribac-sodium, cyhalofop-butyl, imazapic, and imazapyr 11 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice7886
15 EgyptEgypt 2012 Rice bispyribac-sodium 15 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice7896
16 El SalvadorEl Salvador 1999 Rice propanil 83 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5150
17 GuatemalaGuatemala 1999 Rice propanil 84 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5152
18 HondurasHonduras 1999 Rice propanil 85 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5151
19 IranIran 2009 Sugarcane for sugar ametryne, atrazine, and metribuzin 79 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5486
20 NicaraguaNicaragua 2000 Rice fenoxaprop-ethyl 60 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5148
21 PanamaPanama 1999 Rice propanil 82 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5153
22 United States (California) United StatesCalifornia2008 Corn (maize), Cotton, Fencelines, Grapes, Orchards, and Roadsides glyphosate 45 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5545
23 United States (Arkansas) United StatesArkansas2011 Rice imazethapyr, propanil, and quinclorac (MOA in monocots) 45 Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
Inhibition of Cellulose Synthesis ( HRAC Group 29 (Legacy L)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice10956
24 VenezuelaVenezuela 2000 Rice propanil 80 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5149
25 VenezuelaVenezuela 2008 Rice fluazifop-butyl, and glyphosate 80 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice10950
26 VenezuelaVenezuela 2010 Rice bispyribac-sodium, cyhalofop-butyl, and propanil 80 Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
78Echinochloa colonaJunglerice5555
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