HAIRY BEGGARTICKS (Bidens pilosa) with GROUP G/9 resistance: (INHIBITION OF ENOLPYRUVYL SHIKIMATE PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE ) Inhibition of EPSP synthase
MUTATION: PROLINE 106 to SERINE
Hairy Beggarticks (Bidens pilosa) is a dicot plant in the asteraceae family. A single amino acid substitution from Proline 106 to Serine has led to resistance to Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase as indicated in the table below.		Hairy Beggarticks

Chemical Family	Example Herbicide	Resistance Level
Glycines	glyphosate	Resistant > 10 fold

REFERENCES

Alcántara-de la Cruz, R., Fernández-Moreno, P.T., Ozuna, C.V., Rojano-Delgado, A.M., Cruz-Hipolito, H.E., Domínguez-Valenzuela, J.A., Barro, F. and De Prado, R.. 2016. arget and non-target site mechanisms developed by glyphosate-resistant hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa L.) populations from Mexico. Frontiers in Plant Science 7 : 1492 - .

In 2014 hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa L.) has been identified as being glyphosate-resistant in citrus orchards from Mexico. The target and non-target site mechanisms involved in the response to glyphosate of two resistant populations (R1 and R2) and one susceptible (S) were studied. Experiments of dose-response, shikimic acid accumulation, uptake-translocation, enzyme activity and 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene sequencing were carried out in each population. The R1 and R2 populations were 20.4 and 2.8-fold less glyphosate sensitive, respectively, than the S population. The resistant populations showed a lesser shikimic acid accumulation than the S population. In the latter one, 24.9% of 14C-glyphosate was translocated to the roots at 96 h after treatment; in the R1 and R2 populations only 12.9 and 15.5%, respectively, was translocated. Qualitative results confirmed the reduced 14C-glyphosate translocation in the resistant populations. The EPSPS enzyme activity of the S population was 128.4 and 8.5-fold higher than the R1 and R2 populations of glyphosate-treated plants, respectively. A single (Pro-106-Ser), and a double (Thr-102-Ile followed by Pro-106-Ser) mutations were identified in the EPSPS2 gene conferred high resistance in R1 population. Target-site mutations associated with a reduced translocation were responsible for the higher glyphosate resistance in the R1 population. The low-intermediate resistance of the R2 population was mediated by reduced translocation. This is the first glyphosate resistance case confirmed in hairy beggarticks in the world..

This case was entered by Todd Gaines Email: todd.gaines@colostate.edu

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