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RICEFIELD BULRUSH
(
Schoenoplectus mucronatus (=Scirpus mucronatus)
)
with
GROUP B/2 resistance: (INHIBITION OF ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE )
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase
MUTATION: PROLINE 197 to HISTIDINE
Ricefield Bulrush
(
Schoenoplectus mucronatus (=Scirpus mucronatus)
) is a monocot plant in the cyperaceae family. A single amino acid substitution from Proline 197 to Histidine has led to resistance to Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase as indicated in the table below.
Ricefield Bulrush
Chemical Family
Example Herbicide
Resistance Level
Imidazolinones
Imazethapyr
Susceptible
Pyrimidinyl benzoates
Bispyribac-Na
Susceptible
Sulfonylureas
Chlorsulfuron
Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolopyrimidine - Type 1
Chloransulam-methyl
Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolinones
Flucarbazone-Na
Not Determined
REFERENCES
Scarabel, L. ; Locascio, A. ; Furini, A. ; Sattin, M. ; Varotto, S.
.
2010
.
Characterisation of ALS genes in the polyploid species
Schoenoplectus mucronatus
and implications for resistance management
.
Pest Management Science
66
:
337 - 344
.
BACKGROUND: The polyploid weed
Schoenoplectus mucronatus
(L.) Palla has evolved target-site resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in Italian rice crops. Molecular and genetic characterisation of the resistance mechanism is relevant to the evolution and management of herbicide resistance. The authors aimed (a) to study the organisation of the target-site loci in two field-selected
S. mucronatus
populations with different cross-resistance patterns, (b) to identify the mutations endowing resistance to ALS inhibitors and determine the role of these mutations by using transgenesis and (c) to analyse the implications for the management of the
S. mucronatus
populations. RESULTS: Two complete ALS genes (
ALS1
and
ALS2
) having an intron and a third partial intronless ALS gene (
ALS3
) were identified. The presence of multiple ALS genes was confirmed by Southern blot analyses, and ALS loci were characterised by examining cytosine methylation. In
S. mucronatus
leaves, the transcripts of
ALS1
,
ALS2
and
ALS3
were detected. Two mutations endowing resistance (Pro
197
to His and Trp
574
to Leu) were found in both resistant populations, but at different frequencies. Tobacco plants transformed with the two resistant alleles indicated that the Pro
197
-to-His substitution conferred resistance to SU and TP herbicides, while the allele with the Trp
574
-to-Leu substitution conferred cross-resistance to SU, TP, IMI and PTB herbicides. CONCLUSION:
Schoenoplectus mucronatus
has multiple ALS genes characterised by methylated sites that can influence the expression profile. The two mutated alleles proved to be responsible for ALS resistance. At population level, the resistance pattern depends on the frequency of various resistant genotypes, and this influences the efficacy of various ALS-inhibiting herbicides.
.
This case was entered by Patrick Tranel Email:
tranel@illinois.edu
PERMISSION MUST BE OBTAINED FIRST if you intend to base a significant portion of a scientific paper on data derived from this site.
Cite this site as:
Heap, I. The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. Online. Internet.
Saturday, September 7, 2024
. Available
www.weedscience.org
Copyright © 1993-
2024
WeedScience.org All rights reserved. Fair use of this material is encouraged. Proper citation is requested.
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