WILD BUCKWHEAT (Polygonum convolvulus (=Fallopia convolvulus)) with GROUP B/2 resistance: (INHIBITION OF ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE ) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase
MUTATION: TRYPTOPHAN 574 to LEUCINE
Wild Buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus (=Fallopia convolvulus)) is a dicot plant in the polygonaceae family. A single amino acid substitution from Tryptophan 574 to Leucine has led to resistance to Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase as indicated in the table below.		Wild Buckwheat

Chemical Family	Example Herbicide	Resistance Level
Imidazolinones	Imazethapyr	Not Determined
Pyrimidinyl benzoates	Bispyribac-Na	Not Determined
Sulfonylureas	Chlorsulfuron	Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolopyrimidine - Type 1	Chloransulam-methyl	Resistant > 10 fold
Triazolinones	Flucarbazone-Na	Not Determined

REFERENCES

Beckie, H. J. ; Warwick, S. I. ; Sauder, C. A.. 2012. Acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor-resistant wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus) in Alberta. Weed Technology 26 : 156 - 160.

Wild buckwheat is the most abundant broadleaf weed across the Prairie region of western Canada. Acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides are commonly used to control this species and other broadleaf weeds in cereal crops. A field survey in Alberta in 2007 identified a single population that was putatively resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. In herbicide resistance screening in the greenhouse, all F₁ progeny tested were resistant to the ALS-inhibiting herbicides thifensulfuron/tribenuron, a sulfonylurea herbicide, or florasulam, a triazolopyrimidine herbicide; dose response of shoot biomass indicated the population was 10- and 20-fold less sensitive to thifensulfuron/tribenuron and florasulam, respectively, than a susceptible control population. ALS gene sequencing of 24 F₁ progeny indicated that the Trp₅₇₄Leu target-site mutation was responsible for conferring ALS-inhibitor resistance in this biotype, the first global report of ALS-inhibitor resistance for this species. Because this mutation typically endows high-level resistance across all five ALS-inhibitor classes, this wild buckwheat biotype may only be controlled by a different site-of-action herbicide..

This case was entered by Patrick Tranel Email: tranel@illinois.edu

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