International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
HRAC GROUP 4 (LEGACY O) RESISTANT GULF COCKSPUR GRASS
(Echinochloa crus-galli var. zelayensis)


Auxin Mimics HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O)

China, Zhejiang Province
INTRODUCTION GULF COCKSPUR GRASS
Gulf Cockspur Grass (Echinochloa crus-galli var. zelayensis) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In China this weed first evolved resistance to Group 4 (Legacy O) herbicides in 2013 and infests Rice.   Group 4 (Legacy O) herbicides are known as Auxin Mimics (Auxin Mimics ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to quinclorac and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 4 (Legacy O) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Jan 08, 2014 )

Common NameGulf Cockspur Grass
SpeciesEchinochloa crus-galli var. zelayensis
GroupAuxin Mimics HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O)
Herbicidesquinclorac
LocationChina, Zhejiang Province
Year2013
Situation(s)Rice
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Liyao Dong, and Li Jun 
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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Gulf Cockspur Grass biotype with this Gulf Cockspur Grass biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 4 resistant Gulf Cockspur Grass have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 4 (Legacy O) resistant Gulf Cockspur Grass from China please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

LIYAO DONG
Weed Scientist
Nanjing Agricultural University
Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China
College of Plant Protection
Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu
China
Email Liyao Dong
LI JUN
Weed Scientist
Nanjing Agricultural University
Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China
College of Plant Protection
Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu
China
Email Li Jun

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in China have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Liyao Dong, and Li Jun for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Gulf Cockspur Grass Globally
(Echinochloa crus-galli var. zelayensis)
Herbicide Resistant Gulf Cockspur Grass Globally
(Echinochloa crus-galli var. zelayensis)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Gulf Cockspur Grass Globally
(Echinochloa crus-galli var. zelayensis)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 ChinaChina 2013 Rice quinclorac 9 Auxin Mimics ( HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O)
305Echinochloa crus-galli var. zelayensisGulf Cockspur Grass7817
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