International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
HRAC GROUP 1 (LEGACY A) RESISTANT LARGE CRABGRASS
(Digitaria sanguinalis)


Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)

France
INTRODUCTION LARGE CRABGRASS
Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In France this weed first evolved resistance to Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides in 2005 and infests Carrots.   Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to cycloxydim, fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, and quizalofop-ethyl and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 1 (Legacy A) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Aug 06, 2013 )

Common NameLarge Crabgrass
SpeciesDigitaria sanguinalis
GroupInhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Herbicidescycloxydim, fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, and quizalofop-ethyl
LocationFrance
Year2005
Situation(s)Carrots
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Jacques Gasquez 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

GENERAL

Jacques Gasquez

DIGITARIA SANGUINALIS : A NEW SPECIES RESISTANT TO THE ACCASE

INHIBITORS IN FRANCE
J. GASQUEZ(1), G. BAY
(1) INRA, UMR BGA, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon, France, gasquez@dijon.inra.fr
AFPP - Association Française de Protection des plantes - Décembre 2007

Herbicide resistances on weed grasses in France are spreading nowadays in winter crops. But in some regions like les Landes were intensive spring crops are predominant some populations of Digitaria sanguinalis are not controlled anymore with fops and dimes used in carrots and green beans. Almost all the samples we tested are completely resistant to fluazifop, cycloxydim, haloxyfop and less to quizalofop. This range of resistances could be due to a target site mutation. Moreover the sudden spreading of spots with resistant plants all over the region of the carrot production is hard to explain and could be due to specific cultivation conditions of these crops.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse, and Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Large Crabgrass biotype with this Large Crabgrass biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 1 resistant Large Crabgrass have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 1 (Legacy A) resistant Large Crabgrass from France please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

JACQUES GASQUEZ
Inra
Laboratoire De Malherbologie
702 Hickory Ct
Dijon, 21034, Cedex
France
Email Jacques Gasquez

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in France have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Jacques Gasquez for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Large Crabgrass Globally
(Digitaria sanguinalis)
Herbicide Resistant Large Crabgrass Globally
(Digitaria sanguinalis)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Large Crabgrass Globally
(Digitaria sanguinalis)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 ArgentinaArgentina 2019 Soybean glyphosate 48 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass23239
2 Australia (South Australia) AustraliaSouth Australia1993 Onions, and Vegetables fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, and imazethapyr 1 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass16
3 Canada (Ontario) CanadaOntario2011 Carrots, and Onions clethodim, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fluazifop-butyl, quizalofop-ethyl, and sethoxydim 7 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass5678
4 ChinaChina 2010 Corn (maize) nicosulfuron 9 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass5656
5 ChinaChina 2011 Cotton quizalofop-ethyl 9 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass5672
6 Czech RepublicCzech Republic 2005 Railways atrazine 12 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass5263
7 FranceFrance 1983 Corn (maize) atrazine 17 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass461
8 FranceFrance 2005 Carrots cycloxydim, fluazifop-butyl, haloxyfop-methyl, and quizalofop-ethyl 17 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass6748
9 FranceFrance 2015 Corn (maize) foramsulfuron, and nicosulfuron 17 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass11010
10 ItalyItaly 2006 Soybean cycloxydim, and fluazifop-butyl 24 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass5355
11 New ZealandNew Zealand 2022 Corn (maize) nicosulfuron 30 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass25262
12 PolandPoland 1995 Orchards atrazine 33 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass377
13 SwitzerlandSwitzerland 2021 Corn (maize) nicosulfuron 41 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass27290
14 United States (Wisconsin) United StatesWisconsin1992 Carrots, and Onions fluazifop-butyl, and sethoxydim 45 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass417
15 United States (Georgia) United StatesGeorgia2008 Turf sethoxydim 45 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
77Digitaria sanguinalisLarge Crabgrass7787
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